Condition Info - BotMed Application

ConditionName

Croup (acute laryngotracheobronchitis)

ConditionDescription

Symptoms

URTI, Gradual onset, Nasal congestion
Cough: progress to barky, harsh, seal-like barking cough (worse in the morning)
In severe cases it progresses to SOB and inspiratory stridor (inspiratory sound in upper airway)
Coryza

12-72 hours of mild fever and coryza; hoarseness and barking cough; peak respiratory distress at 24-48 hours; resolution in 1 week

PhysicalFindings

ClinicalTests

lateral x ray: Steeple sign
Toxic appearing, drooling (DDx epiglottis)
 
NO need to xRay!

RiskFactors

child < 3 yo, possibly allergies (spasmodic croup), prodromal URTI (laryngotracheobronchitis)
parainfluenza virus (1 and 2)
RSV; Influenza; Adenovirus; Mycoplasma

Age: 3m-5y
Leading cause of hospitalization in children younger than 4 y/o (esp. winter)

IsRedFlag

IsNPLEX

Consequence

airway obstruction, but usually lasts less than 5 days
(laryngotracheobronchitis)
Acute inflammation of larynx by viral infection
 Inspiratory stridor

ProgressionFromCondition

TreatmentOptions

Breath cool moist air for 5 min;
If no improvement after 5 min, continue to monitor
If condition worsens transport to hospital
Change temperature and humidity, provide oxygen

PharmOptions

Prednisolone or dexamethasone – first line of treatment

If stridor at rest(severe croup): racemic epinephrine

WebLink

https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-ca/professional/pediatrics/respiratory-disorders-in-young-children/croup