Condition Info - BotMed Application

ConditionName

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

ConditionDescription

Symptoms

Productive cough, periodical (smokers in their 40s and 50s); mild dyspnea, progressive, worse during respiratory infection (late 50s or 60s); history of COPD; history of cigarette smoking; yellow sputum;

PhysicalFindings

Hacking, rasping cough; normal breath sounds or rhonchi that clear with coughing; resonant to dull chest, possible barrel chest, prolong expiration, possible wheezing; facial erythema

ClinicalTests

Chest x-ray, pulmonary function tests
Hemoglobin: hematocrit may be elevated
Productive cough for >3 months/year for 2 consecutive years – clinical diagnosis;

RiskFactors

Age: over 40 years of age.
Gender: men. 
Smoking: primary AND secondhand smoke.
Exposure to Pollutants: сhronic exposure to dust, gases, chemicals, fuels, smoke from burning wood, charcoal, and crop residue.
Genetic Factors: alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.
Infections: lung infections when they were children, tuberculosis, HIV.

IsRedFlag

IsNPLEX

Consequence

Acute respiratory infection;
Pneumothorax;
Lung cancer;
Pneumonia; 
PE;
Anxiety;

ProgressionFromCondition

Most patients have smoked ≥ 20 cigarettes/day for > 20 years.

TreatmentOptions

PharmOptions

If cough is really bad: 
Azithromycin; Amoxicillin

WebLink

https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-ca/professional/pulmonary-disorders/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-and-related-disorders/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-copd?query=COPD