Condition Info - BotMed Application

ConditionName

Chronic Renal Failure (chronic kidney disease, CKD)

ConditionDescription

Symptoms

Nausea / Vomiting;
Loss of appetite;
Fatigue and weakness;
Sleep problems;
Changes in how much you urinate;
Decreased mental sharpness;
Muscle twitches and cramps;
Swelling of feet and ankles;
Persistent itching;

PhysicalFindings

ClinicalTests

Electrolytes;
BUN/creatinine;
Kidney US;
Basic metabolic panel (urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium, carbon dioxide, chloride, creatinine, glucose, potassium, sodium);
UA;

RiskFactors

Diabetes;
HTN;
CVD;
Smoking;
Being African-American, Native American or Asian-American;
Family history;
Abnormal kidney structure;
Older age;
Medication: Acetaminophen; NSAIDS, including COX-2 inhibitors; Lithium;
Cyclosporine; Tacrolimus; Contrast dyes; Aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin);
Certain autoimmune conditions (e.g., Goodpasture syndrome, lupus nephritis);
Certain infections (e.g., urinary tract infections);
Certain genetic disorders;
Dysbiosis (imbalanced intestinal microbiota);
Heavy metal poisoning;
Moderate to heavy alcohol intake;
Overweight and obesity;

IsRedFlag

IsNPLEX

Consequence

Chest pain, if fluid builds up around the lining of the heart;
Shortness of breath, if fluid builds up in the lungs;
High blood pressure (hypertension is present in > 80% of patients) that's difficult to control;
Weight gain b/c of edema;
Pericarditis;
Gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding;
Heart failure caused by hypertension or coronary artery disease;
Anemia;
Secondary hyperparathyroidism;
Metabolic bone disease;
Electrolyte abnormalities;
Hyposalivation;

ProgressionFromCondition

Type 1 or type 2 diabetes;
High blood pressure;

Glomerulonephritis;
Interstitial nephritis;
Polycystic kidney disease;
Prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract;
Pyelonephritis;
Cancer chemo treatment

TreatmentOptions

PharmOptions

WebLink

https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-ca/professional/genitourinary-disorders/chronic-kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease