Condition Info - BotMed Application

ConditionName

Pneumothorax (primary, secondary, spontatious)

ConditionDescription

Symptoms

Unilateral chest pain;
Respiratory discomfort;
SOB;

PhysicalFindings

Decreased wall movement;
Decreased breath sounds;
Increased resonance to percussion;
Decreased tactile fremitus;
Hypoxia;
JVD;
↓BP;
Tracheal deviation – away from side of pneumothorax;

ClinicalTests

Upright inspiratory chest x-ray;

RiskFactors

Spontaneous (No traumatic event before it):
Tall, thin, young man;
Smoking;
Marphin syndrome;

Secondary:
Closed:
COPD;
TB;
Cancer;
Cystic fibrosis;
Necrotizing pneumonia;

Open:
Penetrating trauma;
Latrogenic:
Central line placement;
Lung biopsy;
Thoracentesis;
Tension pneumothorax (trauma);

IsRedFlag

IsNPLEX

Consequence

Respiratory failure or arrest;
Cardiac arrest;
Bronchopulmonary fistula;

ProgressionFromCondition

COPD;
Asthma; 
HIV with pneumocystis pneumonia;
Necrotizing pneumonia ;
Tuberculosis;
Sarcoidosis;
Cystic fibrosis;
Bronchogenic carcinoma;
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; 
Severe ARDS;
Inhalational drug use like cocaine or marijuana;
Rib fracture; 
Penetrating or blunt trauma;
Severe cough;

TreatmentOptions

<15%:
O2 and observation;

>15%;
Chest tube;

Needle decompression;
2-3 intercostal space midclavicular line;

PharmOptions

WebLink

https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-ca/professional/pulmonary-disorders/mediastinal-and-pleural-disorders/pneumothorax